INTRODUCTION
The projects, in general terms, can be considered a follow up of the one carried out by the RC of Madrid Serrano in the Ksar of Mahamid, done with the Rotary Foundation global frant GG 1.642.806
DESCRIPTION OF THE LOCAL ENVIRONMENT
The Ksar of Ouled is located in the Oasis of Mahamid, the last oasis in the valley of Drâa. The population of the oasis is concentrated in walled villages, the ksar with shadowed and cool streets which generate a microclimate where the extreme temperature and the sandstorms which regularly hit these areas are barely noticed. The high walls of these villages were not only built to protect their inhabitants from the inclement weather, but as the commercial routes between the Subsaharan Africa and the Mediterranean shores went through it conflicts between the different tribes that inhabited this oasis were common.
Just as the other ksar in the Oasis, the Ksar of Ouled Yussef has a network of uncovered main streets, from where covered perpendicular alleys give access to the houses.
The houses cross above the alleys providing shadowed cool spaces where the population gets protection from the high temperatures in the summer and the sandstorms. The access to the houses is through the doors which are the only openings in the outside wall of the settlement.
The route of the caravans came through the valley of Drâa until the Oasis of Mahamid, the gate of the desert, where they would get the supplies for a long trip across the desert until arriving the lands knows in those times as the Sudan.
Currently the oasis of Mahamid has 12 ksar and a new urban center, Mahamid Center. The total population is 7.590 inhabitants according to the last census (2015) and the economy is based in subsistence agriculture, tourism and the remittances of money that emigration to the large cities and Europe and the large cities of Morocco send to the families that live in the area.
BENEFICIARIES
The direct beneficiaries of the project are the families of Ouled Youssef that will see improve their habitational and sanitation conditions.
The number of family homes in the Ksar is 28 with an average population of 10 people per house which makes 28 the number of direct beneficiaries, which means that the total number of direct beneficiaries, in principle, 283. All houses have electricity and running water provided by the National Water Office, however the Ksar do not have a sewer system for fecal waters.
Only 25 of the 28 houses have latrines with a septic tank which is most cases is clogged or badly damaged by lack of maintenance.
MAIN PROBLEM IDENTIFIED.
The main problem identified is that the latrines are not connected to the septic tank, or that these ones are in poor condition for lack of maintenance or clogged. This means that the sewage seep directly into the soil, causing the contamination of underground waters. At the moment, several of the septic tanks are full and the latrines are in unusable condition.
Over and above, as all the houses have a point of running water from the public network at the entrance of the house, in the patio or in the kitchen and the houses are not connected to a drain, since there is no sewer system, all the waters are poured directly on the floor creating a sanitary problem either by the stagnant waters or by the seepage out of control.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
The aim of the project is to provide the Ksar of Ouled Yssed with a sewage system for all the houses, channeling all the residual waters to a water purifier downstream in which once filtered could be used to water the palm trees and tamarindos which in turn will form a vegetal barrier to the desert, preserving in this way the gardens of the beneficiaries.
With the sewer network and the filtering of residual waters the seepage of residual water, which could contaminate the water wells that provide water to the Ksar, will be eliminated and provide some water for the watering of a vegetal barrier to the desert.
Based on a previous study of the different alternatives that permit to build and maintain a sewer system in the most efficient and economical way, we have opted for a network that works by gravity without the introducion of mechanical elements for pumping that could be an maintenance issue during its operation. All works will be done under the supervision of the NGO Terrachidia under the regulations of the local and national Moroccan authorities.
FEASIBILITY
The feasibility of the project is assured in its socio cultural, technical and economical aspects.
The socio-cultural feasibility os assured because it has been the Kabila of the Ksar who has requested this project given the conclusions of the previous project. Additionally, training sessions for hygiene, utilizacion and advantages of a sewer system are provided within the project.
The technical and economical feasibility are assured in the project, given that all works will be made with the approval and supervision of the Comune and the Caidat of the Oasis, both responsible for the approval and follow up of the works, and once completed will be turned over to the National Water Office (ONEP), on the reception of the execution project a set of recommendations for maintenance of the sewer system will be given and a sensibilization workshop will be imparted to all the beneficiaries, a further two training workshops will be imparted, one local and another technical for maintenance, to about 20 people chosen by the authorities of the Ksar
TRAINING
The project includes the following training seminars:
• Sensibilization of all the populations of the Ksar, specially to the women, with the objective of achiving an adecuate use of the installed sewer system with a duration of 4 hours in 2 sessions of 2 hours each.
• Local training, for a group of 20 people, chosen by the authority of the Ksar that will participate as assistants in the works in various parts of the work, with a total duration of 10 hours of theory, in 5 sessions of 2 hours each.
• Technical training, in a first step, for the maintenance of the network to the people given the local training on predictive, preventive and corrective maintenance that the system requires, given that the responsibility for the maintenance of the network is the National Water Office to whom the works were delivered.
GENERAL BUDGET FOR THE PROJECT
PARTIDA Euros %
01. Construction of sewer network and filtering pit, 40.000,00 69%
02. Administrative expenses 6.500,00 11%
03 Trips (flight, accommodation, travelling expenses) 5.100,00 9%
04 Miscellaneous 6.000,00 10%
05 Signage 400,00 1%
TOTAL 58.000,00
FINANCING
The project will be carried out under a global grant of the Rotary Foundation for which the RC of Majadahonda, in addition to its contribution to it, will seek as an international contributor in the global grant, financing in other clubs of Spain or Europe, as well as in other district that will wish to participate in the project.
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